Ifu ya Graphite ni ubwoko bwifu yifu ikozwe muri karubone nyuma yubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa pyrolysis cyangwa karubone, kandi ibyingenzi byingenzi ni karubone. Ifu ya Graphite ifite imiterere yihariye, ni umukara wirabura cyangwa umukara wijimye. Uburemere bwa molekile ni 12.011.
Ibiranga ifu ya grafite irashobora kuvunagurwa muburyo bukurikira:
1. Umuyoboro mwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro: ifu ya grafite nigikoresho cyiza nogutwara ubushyuhe, hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe. Ibi ahanini biterwa nuburyo bukomeye hamwe nuburyo bwa atome ya karubone muri grafite, bigatuma byoroha electron nubushyuhe gukora.
2. Inertness nziza yimiti: ifu ya grafite ifite imiti ihamye nubusembure mubihe bisanzwe, kandi ntabwo ikora nibintu byinshi. Niyo mpamvu kandi ifu ya grafite ikoreshwa cyane mubice bya elegitoroniki na chimique, kurinda ubushyuhe bukabije, nibindi.
3. Ifite imbaraga zubukanishi: ugereranije nibindi bikoresho bya nano, ifu ya grafite ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo kurwanya ingaruka, kurwanya ibicuruzwa no kurwanya ibice, bishobora kuzamura imiterere yibikoresho ku rugero runaka.
Uburyo bwo gutegura ifu ya grafite iratandukanye, kandi uburyo busanzwe nuburyo bukurikira:
1. Pyrolysis ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru: shyushya grafite karemano cyangwa yashizwemo imiti ya grafitike ya christal kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru (hejuru ya 2000 ℃) kugirango ibore ifu ya grafite.
2. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa karubone uburyo: ifu ya grafite iboneka hakoreshejwe imiti ya grafite hamwe nibikoresho fatizo bifite imiterere isa na grafite. Ukurikije ibikoresho bitandukanye bibisi, birashobora kugabanywa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutegura, nko guhumeka imyuka ihumeka, pyrolysis na karubone.
3. Uburyo bwa mashini: binyuze mubikorwa byo gusya no kugenzura, ibikoresho bya grafite bisanzwe cyangwa ibikoresho bya grafitike bitunganijwe kugirango babone ifu ya grafite.
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gutegura bugira ingaruka zitandukanye kumiterere, ubuziranenge na morphologie yifu ya grafite. Mubikorwa bifatika, uburyo bukwiye bwo gutegura bugomba gutoranywa ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye.
1. Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki na chimique: ifu ya grafite irashobora gutegurwa mumashanyarazi ya polymer hamwe nu mashanyarazi, bikoreshwa mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, bateri, wino itwara nizindi nzego. Kurugero, mubikoresho bya electrode, ifu ya grafite irashobora kongera ubwinshi bwibikoresho, kunoza imikorere yamashanyarazi ya electrode, no kongera igihe cya serivisi ya bateri.
2 hamwe nifu ya grafite irashobora kunoza ultraviolet irwanya no kwangirika kwibikoresho.
3. Catalizator: Ifu ya Graphite irashobora gukoreshwa mugutegura catalizator, kandi ikoreshwa cyane muri synthesis organique, umusaruro wimiti nizindi nzego. Kurugero, muri hydrogenation yamavuta yibimera, ifu ya grafite nyuma yo kuvurwa irashobora gukoreshwa nkumusemburo wo kunoza uburyo bwo guhitamo no gutanga umusaruro.
4. Ibikoresho bya ceramique: Mugutegura ibikoresho byubutaka, ifu ya grafite irashobora kunoza imbaraga za mashini nibindi bintu binyuze mubikorwa byo gushimangira. Cyane cyane muri cermets hamwe nubutaka bwiza, ifu ya grafite ikoreshwa cyane.
